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The Two Main Types of Wind Turbines Explained Wind turbines, key to generating renewable energy, are mainly categorized into Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbines (HAW Ts) and Vertical-Axis Wind Turbines (VAW Ts). HAW Ts are the preferred choice for utility-scale power generation due to their efficiency and design. Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbines (HAW Ts): Design and Structure: These turbines feature blades parallel to the ground and a nacelle housing the gearbox and generator. They are mounted on tall steel towers and have a yaw system for wind orientation and brakes for extreme winds. Size: Land-based turbines in the U.S. average 3.2 MW capacity and 100 meters in height, while offshore ones are larger. Advantages: High efficiency due to aerodynamic blades and tall structure reaching stronger winds. Disadvantages: Limited to specific wind conditions, challenging maintenance due to generator's location, and requiring extensive logistics for installation. Vertical-Axis Wind Turbines (VAW Ts): Design Variations: Less common, VAW Ts have perpendicular blades to the ground. The Savonius model relies on wind drag, while the Darrieus model, more efficient, uses wind lift. Advantages: Omnidirectional, easier to install and maintain, suitable for low-speed winds, and allows dense installation. Disadvantages: Less aerodynamic, lower power output, and recent entry into the megawatt market.